Interim results from the Phase 1a clinical trial of 'GCC2005', a CAR-NK cell therapy currently under development by GC Cell, an affiliate of GC Biopharma, were presented in December 2025 at the American Society of Hematology (ASH). Unlike conventional CAR-T cell therapies, CAR-NK utilizes Natural Killer (NK) cells to attack cancer cells. This approach allows for mass production without extracting cells from individual patients, significantly reducing costs and time. The clinical results confirmed safety and initial efficacy in patients with hematologic malignancies, with positive responses observed even in refractory patients who had not responded to existing treatments. CAR-NK technology is gaining attention as a game-changer in next-generation immuno-oncology due to its 'off-the-shelf' advantage, meaning pre-manufactured cell therapies can be administered immediately when needed. Based on these interim results, GC Biopharma is preparing for Phase 2 clinical trials and is actively discussing technology transfer with global pharmaceutical companies. Notably, NK cells have fewer side effects than T cells and a lower risk of immune rejection, making allogeneic transplantation easier, which suggests significant potential for market expansion. Following CAR-T, Korean biotech companies are strengthening their global competitiveness by developing various immune cell platforms, including CAR-NK and CAR-M (macrophage) in the cell therapy field. GC Biopharma aims for GCC2005 to enter Phase 2 clinical trials in 2026, with plans to expand its indications to solid tumors in addition to hematologic malignancies if successful. This ASH presentation served as another opportunity to demonstrate K-bio's technological prowess on the global stage.